Nikethamide
Indications
Nikethamide is indicated in-
- Acute respiratory failure
- Respiratory depression following anesthesia
- CNS depression
Pharmacology
Nikethamide also known as nicotinic acid diethylamide is a central & respiratory stimulant. It has direct stimulatory action on CNS, increases the frequency & depth of breathing. It has no immediate impact on the cardiovascular system. It is extensively metabolized in liver. All metabolites & a small amount of unchanged drug is excreted in urine.
Dosage & Administration
2 to 10 mL by slow IV injection of the usual 25% solution every 20 to 30 minutes if necessary. Infants and children are particularly susceptible to toxic effects of nikethamide.
Interaction
Anesthetic, sympathomimetics, MAOIs, neuromuscular blockers, bupropion.
Contraindications
Porphyria, epilepsy or other convulsive disorders, perebral oedema, airways obstruction, cerebrovascular accident, severe hypertension & ischemic heart diseases.
Side Effects
Dyspnoea, respiratory problems such as coughing bronchospasm. Other CNS side effects include convulsion, headache & dizziness. Cardiovascular side effects inlude Iteration of blood pressure & cardiac arrhythmia. Over dosage may cause nausea, vomiting & diarrhoea.
Pregnancy & Lactation
There are no enough adequate and controlled studies in pregnant women and nursing mothers.
Precautions & Warnings
It should not used in less severe degrees of hypertension or impaired cardiac reverse & hepatic dysfunction.
Therapeutic Class
Respiratory stimulants: analeptics
Storage Conditions
Store below 25°C in a dry place, away from light.
