Sertraline has potent and selective inhibitory action on CNS neuronal reuptake of 5-HT resulting in increased 5-HT concentrations at the synaptic clefts, leading to facilitation of its sustained activity at the postsynaptic receptor sites. It ultimat...

Ritodrine hydrochloride is a β2–adrenergic agonist. It relaxes the uterus by stimulating the β2–adrenergic receptors of the uterine muscle, which causes a decrease in the intensity and frequency of uterine contractions. Specific...

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is a water-soluble vitamin used in the prophylaxis and treatment of vitamin B6 deficiency and peripheral neuropathy in those receiving isoniazid (isonicotinic acid hydrazide, INH). Vitamin B6 has been found to lower systolic a...

Propranolol Hydrochloride is a B-adrenergic receptor blocking drug which is widely used in hypertension and angina pectoris. Propranolol antagonizes catecholamines at B-adrenergic receptors, thus prevents excess rate and force of contraction of the h...

The main site of anesthetic action is the nerve cell membrane where proparacaine interferes with the large transient increase in the membrane permeability to sodium ions that is normally produced by a slight depolarization of the membrane. As the ane...

Propafenone works by slowing the influx of sodium ions into the cardiac muscle cells, causing a decrease in excitability of the cells. Propafenone is more selective for cells with a high rate, but also blocks normal cells more than class Ia or Ib. Pr...

Procyclidine hydrochloride is an antimuscarinic antiparkinsonian agent of relatively low toxicity. It is a synthetic tertiary amine. This drug exerts their antiparkinsonian effect by correcting the relative cholinergic excess which is thought to occu...

Prazosin causes a decrease in total peripheral vascular resistance through selective inhibition of postsynaptic alpha-1-adrenoreceptors in vascular smooth muscle. In hypertensive patients, blood pressure is lowered in both the supine and standing pos...

Prasugrel is an thienopyridine and a prodrug which inhibits ADP receptors by irreversibly acting on the P2Y12 receptor on platelets. The active metabolite of prasugrel prevents binding of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to its platelet receptor, impairin...

Pralidoxime Chloride is an acetylcholinesterase reactivator. The principal action of Pralidoxime Chloride is to reactivate acetylcholinesterase (mainly outside of the central nervous system) which has been inactivated by phosphorylation due to an org...

Potassium Chloride is used for the treatment of hypokalaemia and of potassium deficiency states. Potassium ion is the principal intracellular cation of most body tissues. It participates in a number of essential physiological processes, including the...

Expansol (6% Hydroxyethyl Starch 130/0.4 in 0.9% Sodium Chloride IV infusion) is a clear to slightly opalescent, colorless to slightly yellow, sterile, non-pyrogenic, isotonic solution. The chemical name of Hydroxyethyl Starch is poly (O-2-hydroxyeth...

Cetrimide is a quaternary ammonium antiseptic; it has bactericidal activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Chlorhexidine is an antimicrobial agent; it is active against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive vegetati...

Cetirizine Hydrochloride is a potent H1 receptor antagonist without any significant anticholinergic and antiserotonic effects. At pharmacologically active dose levels, it has almost no drowsiness effect and does not cause behavioral changes. It inhib...

At physiologic pH, chlorhexidine salts dissociate and release the positively charged chlorhexidine cation. The bactericidal effect is a result of the binding of this cationic molecule to negatively charged bacterial cell walls. At low concentrations...

Chlorhexidine is a very potent cationic chemoprophylactic agent that has a broad-spectrum of activity against gm+ve and gm-ve bacteria. It is both bacteriostatic and bactericidal depending on its concentration. The bactericidal effect, which is achie...

Chlorhexidine: Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic and disinfectant which is effective against a wide range of vegetative Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, some viruses and some fungi. It is ineffective against bacterial spores a...

Canagliflozin is an inhibitor of subtype-2 sodium-glucose co-transport protein (SGLT2), which is responsible for at least 90% of the glucose reabsorption in the kidney. Blocking this transporter reduces the reabsorption of glucose from renal tubules,...

Chlorthalidone is a thiazide-type Diuretic- Antihypertensive, used for the treatment of hypertension. It may be used alone or in association with other antihypertensive agents. Chlortalidone is also indicated for adjunctive therapy of edema associate...

Chlorpromazine acts as an antagonist (blocking agent) on different postsysnaptic receptors -on dopaminergic-receptors (subtypes D1, D2, D3 and D4 - different antipsychotic properties on productive and unproductive symptoms), on serotonergic-receptors...