Diphenhydramine + Levomenthol
Indications
This preparation is indicated for the relief of cough and associated congestive symptoms. It is also used to relieve runny nose, sneezing, watery eyes, itchy nose/eyes/throat and other allergic symptoms.
Pharmacology
Diphenhydramine possesses antitussive and antihistaminic properties. It relieves cough centrally (brain stem) and treats sneezing, runny nose and allergy (itchy eyes, nose, skin). Levomenthol has decongestant and anti-inflammatory properties which helps soothe cough and reduces congestion and inflammation in the nasal passage and lungs that makes breathing easier.
Dosage & Administration
Adults and Children over 12 years: The recommended dose is 10 ml of syrup 4 times a day. Maximum daily dose is 40 ml syrup.
Interaction
Diphenhydramine may potentiate the effects of alcohol, codeine, CNS depressants, the effects of anticholinergics (ex- some psychotropic drugs and atropine) and other antihistamines. MAO inhibitors potentiate and intensify the anticholinergic effects of antihistamines.
Contraindications
This preparation is contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to the product or any of its constituents and in individuals with chronic or persistent cough, such as occurs with asthma, or where cough is accompanied by excessive secretions, unless directed by the physician. It should not be administered to patients currently receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or those patients who have received treatment with MAOIs within the last two weeks.
Side Effects
Diphenhydramine may cause drowsiness, dizziness, gastrointestinal disturbance, dry mouth/nose/throat, difficulty in urination or blurred vision
Pregnancy & Lactation
Diphenhydramine has been in widespread use for many years without ill consequence. However, it is known to cross the placenta and has been detected in breast milk. Therefore, it is only used when the potential benefit of treatment to the mother exceeds any possible hazards to the developing fetus or suckling infant.
Precautions & Warnings
This preparation may cause drowsiness. Caution should be exercised in patients with moderate to severe renal or hepatic dysfunction or urinary retention when using this preparation. Diphenhydramine should not be taken by individuals with narrow-angle glaucoma or symptomatic prostatic hypertrophy.
Overdose Effects
The signs and symptoms of overdose may include drowsiness, hyperpyrexia and anticholinergic effects. With higher doses, CNS excitation including hallucinations and coma or cardiovascular collapse may appear. Treatment of overdose should be symptomatic and supportive, rapid gastric emptying (with Syrup of Ipecac-induced emesis or gastric lavage and activated charcoal) may be useful. Seizures may be controlled with Diazepam or Thiopental Sodium and Physostigmine IV may be efficacious to antagonise severe antichlolinergic symptoms.
Therapeutic Class
Combined cough expectorants
Storage Conditions
Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
