Peritoneal Dialysis solutions
Indications
This is indicated for Peritoneal Dialysis.
Composition
Each 100 ml of solution contains-
- Calcium Chloride 22 mg
- Potassium Chloride 22 mg
- Dextrose Anhydrous 1.5 gm
- Magnessium Chloride 15.2 mg
- Sodium Acetate 476 mg
- Sodium Chloride 556 mg
Pharmacology
Calcium chloride is used to prevent or treat negative calcium balance. It also regulates action potential excitation threshold to facilitate nerve and muscle performance.
Potassium chloride is a major cation of the intracellular fluid. It plays an active role in the conduction of nerve impulses in the heart, brain and skeletal muscle; contraction of cardiac skeletal and smooth muscles; maintenance of normal renal function, acid-base balance, carbohydrate metabolism and gastric secretion.
Sodium chloride is the major extracellular cation. It is important in electrolyte and fluid balance, osmotic pressure control and water distribution as it restores sodium ions. It is used as a source of electrolytes and water for hydration, treatment of metabolic acidosis, priming solution in haemodialysis and treatment of hyperosmolar diabetes. It is also used as diluents for infusion of compatible drug additives.
Sodium lactate is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution that is used for fluid and electrolyte replenishment. It has metabolic alkalinising ability and is capable of inducing diuresis depending on the clinical condition of the patient.
Dextrose is a monosaccharide that is used as a source of calories and water for hydration. It helps to reduce loss of body protein and nitrogen. It also promotes glycogen deposition in the liver. When used with insulin, it stimulates the uptake of potassium by cells, especially in muscle tissue, thus lowering serum potassium levels.
Potassium chloride is a major cation of the intracellular fluid. It plays an active role in the conduction of nerve impulses in the heart, brain and skeletal muscle; contraction of cardiac skeletal and smooth muscles; maintenance of normal renal function, acid-base balance, carbohydrate metabolism and gastric secretion.
Sodium chloride is the major extracellular cation. It is important in electrolyte and fluid balance, osmotic pressure control and water distribution as it restores sodium ions. It is used as a source of electrolytes and water for hydration, treatment of metabolic acidosis, priming solution in haemodialysis and treatment of hyperosmolar diabetes. It is also used as diluents for infusion of compatible drug additives.
Sodium lactate is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution that is used for fluid and electrolyte replenishment. It has metabolic alkalinising ability and is capable of inducing diuresis depending on the clinical condition of the patient.
Dextrose is a monosaccharide that is used as a source of calories and water for hydration. It helps to reduce loss of body protein and nitrogen. It also promotes glycogen deposition in the liver. When used with insulin, it stimulates the uptake of potassium by cells, especially in muscle tissue, thus lowering serum potassium levels.
Dosage & Administration
In case of intermittent peritoneal dialysis (IPD): 2 liters solution is instill into the abdominal cavity over a period of 1 hour then drained from the cavity.
The exchange should be continued for 8-36 hours.
The exchange should be continued for 8-36 hours.
Interaction
There are no known drug interactions and none well documented.
Contraindications
Patients with excessive obesity and in pregnancy.
Side Effects
During dialysis amino acids and water soluble vitamins may be lost. Fluid and electrolyte imbalance, hypovolemia, hypotension or muscle cramping may occur.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Category - Not Classified. FDA has not yet classified the drug into a specified pregnancy category
Precautions & Warnings
It is used for peritoneal dialysis purposes only.
Therapeutic Class
Peritoneal dialysis solution
